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alendronate

First FDA approval 09/29/1995: 31 years on the US market.

This grade answers one narrow question: how strong is the public evidence and safety record behind this drug, and how clean is its money trail and court record? It is not a verdict on whether the drug is right for you.

B

Score breakdown (83/100)

Safety ×35%
A
Evidence ×25%
C
Regulatory ×15%
A
Money & lawsuits ×15%
D
Options ×10%
C

Safety: 100

Evidence: 73

Regulatory history: 90

Money & lawsuits: 60

Options: 70

What the FDA label says

Approved uses

is a bisphosphonate indicated for: Treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women ( 1.1 ) Treatment to increase bone mass in men with osteoporosis ( 1.2 ) Limitation of use: Optimal duration of use has not been determined. For patients at low-risk for fracture, consider drug discontinuation after 3 to 5 years of use ( 1.3 ) 1.1 Treatment of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women BINOSTO effervescent tablet 70 mg is indicated for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. For the treatment of osteoporosis, alendronate sodium increases bone mass and reduces the incidence of fractures, including those of the hip and spine (vertebral compression fractures). [See Clinical Studies (14.1) .] 1.2 Treatment to Increase Bone Mass in Men With Osteoporosis BINOSTO is indicated for treatment to increase bone mass in men with osteoporosis [see Clinical Studies (14.2) ] . 1.3 Important Limitations of Use The optimal duration of use has not been determined. The safety and effectiveness of BINOSTO for the treatment of osteoporosis are based on clinical data of four years duration. All patients on bisphosphonate therapy should have the need for continued therapy re-evaluated on a period...

Contraindications

is contraindicated in patients with the following conditions: Abnormalities of the esophagus which delay esophageal emptying such as stricture or achalasia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Inability to stand or sit upright for at least 30 minutes [see Dosage and Administration (2.3) ; Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Do not administer BINOSTO to patients at increased risk of aspiration Hypocalcemia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Hypersensitivity to any component of this product. Hypersensitivity reactions including urticaria and angioedema have been reported [see Adverse Reactions (6.2) ] . Abnormalities of the esophagus which delay emptying such as stricture or achalasia ( 4 , 5.1 ) Inability to stand/sit upright for at least 30 minutes ( 4 , 5.1 ) Increased risk of aspiration. ( 4 ) Hypocalcemia ( 4 , 5.2 ) Hypersensitivity to any component of this product ( 4 , 6.2 )

Warnings and precautions

Upper Gastrointestinal Adverse Reactions can occur. Instruct patients to follow dosing instructions. Discontinue if new or worsening symptoms occur. ( 5.1 ) Hypocalcemia can worsen and must be corrected prior to use. ( 5.2 ) Severe Bone, Joint, Muscle Pain may occur. Discontinue use if severe symptoms develop. ( 5.3 ) Osteonecrosis of the Jaw has been reported. ( 5.4 ) Atypical Fractures Including Femoral Fractures have been reported. Patients with new thigh or groin pain should be evaluated to rule out a femoral fracture. Risk/benefit of continuing bisphosphonate therapy should be re-evaluated in these patients and interruption of bisphosphonate therapy should be considered. ( 5.5 ) Sodium Content: Each tablet contains 603 mg sodium, equivalent to 1532 mg NaCl. Use caution in patients on sodium restriction. ( 5.7 ) 5.1 Upper Gastrointestinal Adverse Reactions BINOSTO, like other bisphosphonates administered orally, may cause local irritation of the upper gastrointestinal mucosa. Because of these possible irritant effects and a potential for worsening of the underlying disease, caution should be used when BINOSTO is given to patients with active upper gastrointestinal problems (suc...

Adverse reactions (label)

The following clinically significant adverse drug reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: Upper Gastrointestinal Adverse Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Mineral Metabolism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Musculoskeletal Pain [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] Osteonecrosis of the Jaw [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] Atypical Fractures Including Femoral Fractures [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] Renal Impairment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ] Patients sensitive to High Sodium Intake [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] The most common adverse reactions (incidence greater than or equal to 3%) are abdominal pain, acid regurgitation, constipation, diarrhea, dyspepsia, musculoskeletal pain, and nausea. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Radius Health, Inc. at 1-855-672-3487 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical pra...

Recent major label changes

Warnings and Precautions, Atypical Fractures Including Femoral Fractures ( 5.5 ) 02/2026

Source: FDA SPL label for Binosto (Radius Health, Inc.), effective 20260206. Full label on DailyMed.

Side-effect reports sent to the FDA

These are counts of reports people filed, not rates of harm. Anyone can file one, and nobody checks whether the drug was the cause. Millions of doses are taken for every report sent, so the useful part is how this drug compares with the average across all drugs.

63,376reports that mention this drug
63,304of those blame this drug, not another one the person was taking
76%of reports describe a serious outcome, such as a hospital stay (average for all drugs: 57%)
14.0%of reports include a death, from any cause (average for all drugs: 9.1%)

Problems reported most often

Pain · 11,810Fatigue · 11,472Drug Ineffective · 10,989Alopecia · 9,803Rheumatoid Arthritis · 9,741Abdominal Discomfort · 9,705Systemic Lupus Erythematosus · 9,273Pemphigus · 9,039Arthralgia · 8,916Rash · 8,372Glossodynia · 8,339Off Label Use · 7,705Swelling · 7,624Arthropathy · 7,418Hand Deformity · 7,222

Reports per year

20192020202120222023202420252026
5,0095,3906,6135,5034,1605,9865,5252,148

1,545 reports blaming this drug for every million Medicare prescriptions filled, which is 0.6× the typical drug on this site. (13,621 reports in 2024–2026, against 8,816,583 Medicare fills in one year. This is the one number here that accounts for how many people take the drug.)

Source: the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Reports are voluntary and unverified. Drugs that are prescribed a lot, in the news, or in lawsuits attract more reports, so the percentages are compared with the whole database to correct for that partly, not fully.

Recalls and regulatory record

1recall actions on file
3 / 17brand / generic applications
2label changes since 2021
NoREMS program
DateClassFirmReason
04/2026Class IIHikma Pharmaceuticals USA INCThis recall is being conducted due to out of specification assay results in a limited number of bottles that were stored on side.

Class I = reasonable probability of serious harm. Class II = temporary or reversible harm. Class III = unlikely to harm. Most generic recalls are manufacturing or labeling defects for one lot, not a verdict on the molecule.

Evidence base

500randomized trials (PubMed)
39systematic reviews
214registered trials
36%of completed trials posted results
7%terminated or withdrawn
44%industry-funded

Independent Cochrane reviews

Counts measure how much evidence exists and how transparent it is, not how big the benefit is. For that, ask your prescriber: if 100 people like me took this, how many would get better because of it, and how many would be harmed? (Doctors call these the "number needed to treat" and "number needed to harm.") It differs by condition and is the number drug ads leave out. Sources: PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Money and lawsuits

In 2024, drug companies reported $0 in payments to US physicians and hospitals tied to this drug across 0 transactions.

Pending federal multidistrict litigation

Not named in any federal pharmaceutical settlement of $100M or more on record.

Sources: CMS Open Payments (Sunshine Act); Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation pending docket list; DOJ settlements as tabulated on Wikipedia with links to the primary record. State-court and individual suits are not included.

Who takes it and what it costs

2,378,838Medicare Part D patients (2024)
8,816,583prescriptions filled
$9average cost per fill
$78Mtotal Medicare spend
ProductFills$/fill
Alendronate Sodium8,814,023$9
Fosamax1,437$310
Binosto1,123$408

Same-class alternatives

No same-class alternatives found in RxClass.

Questions to ask your prescriber

  1. The most-reported problems in FDA's adverse event data are pain, fatigue, alopecia. How would we recognize and handle those?
  2. This drug is in active federal litigation. What is the claim, and does it affect my risk?
  3. What result are we expecting, by when, and what is the plan if it does not happen?
  4. If 100 people like me took this drug, how many would actually get better because of it, and how many would be harmed by it? (Doctors call these the number needed to treat and the number needed to harm.)