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haloperidol

Sold as Haldol. Class: Butyrophenone derivatives. First FDA approval 04/12/1967: 59 years on the US market.

This grade answers one narrow question: how strong is the public evidence and safety record behind this drug, and how clean is its money trail and court record? It is not a verdict on whether the drug is right for you.

B

Score breakdown (77/100)

Safety ×35%
C
Evidence ×25%
C
Regulatory ×15%
A
Money & lawsuits ×15%
A
Options ×10%
A

Safety: 63

Evidence: 65

Regulatory history: 90

Money & lawsuits: 100

Options: 100

FDA boxed warning

WARNING Increased Mortality in Elderly Patients with Dementia-Related Psychosis Elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs are at an increased risk of death. Analyses of seventeen placebo-controlled trials (modal duration of 10 weeks), largely in patients taking atypical antipsychotic drugs, revealed a risk of death in drug-treated patients of between 1.6 to 1.7 times the risk of death in placebo-treated patients. Over the course of a typical 10-week controlled trial, the rate of death in drug-treated patients was about 4.5%, compared to a rate of about 2.6% in the placebo group. Although the causes of death were varied, most of the deaths appeared to be either cardiovascular (e.g., heart failure, sudden death) or infectious (e.g., pneumonia) in nature. Observational studies suggest that, similar to atypical antipsychotic drugs, treatment with conventional antipsychotic drugs may increase mortality. The extent to which the findings of increased mortality in observational studies may be attributed to the antipsychotic drug as opposed to some characteristic(s) of the patients is not clear. Haloperidol is not approved for the treatment of patient...

Independent reviews and post-approval warnings

WHO Essential Medicine

Listed on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines: a global expert panel judged it among the medicines a health system should always have, on evidence of value, not marketing.

What the FDA label says

Approved uses

INDICATIONS AND USAGE Haloperidol tablets, USP are indicated for use in the management of manifestations of psychotic disorders. Haloperidol tablets, USP are indicated for the control of tics and vocal utterances of Tourette’s Disorder in children and adults. Haloperidol tablets, USP are effective for the treatment of severe behavior problems in children of combative, explosive hyperexcitability (which cannot be accounted for by immediate provocation). Haloperidol tablets, USP are also effective in the short-term treatment of hyperactive children who show excessive motor activity with accompanying conduct disorders consisting of some or all of the following symptoms: impulsivity, difficulty sustaining attention, aggressivity, mood lability, and poor frustration tolerance. Haloperidol tablets, USP should be reserved for these two groups of children only after failure to respond to psychotherapy or medications other than antipsychotics.

Contraindications

CONTRAINDICATIONS Haloperidol tablets, USP are contraindicated in severe toxic central nervous system depression or comatose states from any cause and in individuals who are hypersensitive to this drug or have Parkinson’s disease.

Warnings and precautions

WARNINGS Increased Mortality in Elderly Patients with Dementia-Related Psychosis Elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs are at an increased risk of death. Haloperidol is not approved for the treatment of patients with dementia-related psychosis (see BOXED WARNING ). Cardiovascular Effects Cases of sudden death, QT-prolongation, and Torsades de pointes have been reported in patients receiving haloperidol. Higher than recommended doses of any formulation of haloperidol appear to be associated with a higher risk of QT-prolongation and Torsades de pointes. Although cases have been reported even in the absence of predisposing factors, particular caution is advised in treating patients with other QT-prolonging conditions (including electrolyte imbalance [particularly hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia], drugs known to prolong QT, underlying cardiac abnormalities, hypothyroidism, and familial long QT-syndrome). Tardive Dyskinesia A syndrome consisting of potentially irreversible, involuntary, dyskinetic movements may develop in patients treated with antipsychotic drugs. Although the prevalence of the syndrome appears to be highest among the elderly, ...

Adverse reactions (label)

ADVERSE REACTIONS Cardiovascular Effects Tachycardia, hypotension, and hypertension have been reported. QT prolongation and/or ventricular arrhythmias have also been reported, in addition to ECG pattern changes compatible with the polymorphous configuration of Torsades de pointes, and may occur more frequently with high doses and in predisposed patients (see WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS ). Cases of sudden and unexpected death have been reported in association with the administration of haloperidol. The nature of the evidence makes it impossible to determine definitively what role, if any, haloperidol played in the outcome of the reported cases. The possibility that haloperidol caused death cannot, of course, be excluded, but it is to be kept in mind that sudden and unexpected death may occur in psychotic patients when they go untreated or when they are treated with other antipsychotic drugs. CNS Effects Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPS) EPS during the administration of haloperidol have been reported frequently, often during the first few days of treatment. EPS can be categorized generally as Parkinson-like symptoms, akathisia, or dystonia (including opisthotonos and oculogyric crisis). Whi...

Source: FDA SPL label for Haloperidol (REMEDYREPACK INC.), effective 20260731. Full label on DailyMed.

Side-effect reports sent to the FDA

These are counts of reports people filed, not rates of harm. Anyone can file one, and nobody checks whether the drug was the cause. Millions of doses are taken for every report sent, so the useful part is how this drug compares with the average across all drugs.

30,261reports that mention this drug
29,847of those blame this drug, not another one the person was taking
88%of reports describe a serious outcome, such as a hospital stay (average for all drugs: 57%)
14.1%of reports include a death, from any cause (average for all drugs: 9.1%)

Problems reported most often

Drug Ineffective · 2,611Off Label Use · 2,099Drug Interaction · 1,853Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome · 1,571Toxicity To Various Agents · 1,233Somnolence · 1,158Extrapyramidal Disorder · 1,072Tremor · 944Agitation · 935Condition Aggravated · 922Weight Increased · 916Confusional State · 907Vomiting · 866Pyrexia · 856Nausea · 853

Reports per year

20192020202120222023202420252026
2,9652,8382,6072,3602,3232,0061,963811

3,471 reports blaming this drug for every million Medicare prescriptions filled, which is 1.3× the typical drug on this site. (4,614 reports in 2024–2026, against 1,329,281 Medicare fills in one year. This is the one number here that accounts for how many people take the drug.)

Source: the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Reports are voluntary and unverified. Drugs that are prescribed a lot, in the news, or in lawsuits attract more reports, so the percentages are compared with the whole database to correct for that partly, not fully.

Recalls and regulatory record

11recall actions on file
6 / 80brand / generic applications
2label changes since 2021
NoREMS program
DateClassFirmReason
10/2025Class IISafecor Health, LLCLabeling: Not Elsewhere Classified:Incorrect RFID tag labels applied to product by repackaging firm.
04/2025Class IIAmerisource Health Services LLCLack of assurance of sterility. Bacterial contamination detected in some media fill units
04/2025Class IIAmerisource Health Services LLCLack of assurance of sterility. Bacterial contamination detected in some media fill units
04/2025Class IIAmerisource Health Services LLCLack of assurance of sterility. Bacterial contamination detected in some media fill units
03/2025Class IISomerset Therapeutics Private LimitedLack of Assurance of Sterility: Media fill with bacterial contamination
03/2025Class IISomerset Therapeutics Private LimitedLack of Assurance of Sterility: Media fill with bacterial contamination
03/2021Class IICardinal Health Inc.CGMP Deviations: Intermittent exposure to temperature excursion during storage.
04/2016Class IIIFresenius Kabi USA, LLCFailed Impurities/Degradation Specifications: Firm is recalling product due to an impurity out-of-specification result.
02/2015Class IIMylan Institutional LLCLack of Assurance of Sterility; due to leaking vials
02/2015Class IIMylan Institutional LLCLack of Assurance of Sterility; due to leaking vials
04/2014Class IIIFresenius Kabi USA LLCFailed Impurities/Degradation Specifications: Fresenius Kabi is recalling three lots of Haloperidol Decanoate Injection due to an out-of-specification result.

Class I = reasonable probability of serious harm. Class II = temporary or reversible harm. Class III = unlikely to harm. Most generic recalls are manufacturing or labeling defects for one lot, not a verdict on the molecule.

Evidence base

630randomized trials (PubMed)
59systematic reviews
198registered trials
34%of completed trials posted results
19%terminated or withdrawn
26%industry-funded

Independent Cochrane reviews

Counts measure how much evidence exists and how transparent it is, not how big the benefit is. For that, ask your prescriber: if 100 people like me took this, how many would get better because of it, and how many would be harmed? (Doctors call these the "number needed to treat" and "number needed to harm.") It differs by condition and is the number drug ads leave out. Sources: PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Money and lawsuits

In 2024, drug companies reported $0 in payments to US physicians and hospitals tied to this drug across 0 transactions.

No pending federal MDL names this drug or its brands.

Not named in any federal pharmaceutical settlement of $100M or more on record.

Sources: CMS Open Payments (Sunshine Act); Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation pending docket list; DOJ settlements as tabulated on Wikipedia with links to the primary record. State-court and individual suits are not included.

Who takes it and what it costs

209,284Medicare Part D patients (2024)
1,329,281prescriptions filled
$33average cost per fill
$45Mtotal Medicare spend
ProductFills$/fill
Haloperidol939,570$29
Haloperidol Decanoate312,420$49
Haloperidol Lactate72,963$23
Haloperidol Decanoate 1004,291$54
Haldol Decanoate 10024$173
Haldol Decanoate 5013$296

Same-class alternatives

benperidolbromperidoldroperidolmetylperonpipamperonetrifluperidol

Same ATC pharmacological class, graded ones first, best grade at the top. Being in the same class does not make them interchangeable for your condition; it makes them worth asking about.

Questions to ask your prescriber

  1. This drug carries a boxed warning. Which specific risk does it cover, and does it apply to me?
  2. The most-reported problems in FDA's adverse event data are drug interaction, neuroleptic malignant syndrome. How would we recognize and handle those?
  3. Off-label use is among the most-reported items for this drug. Is my use on-label, and if not, what evidence supports it?
  4. Why this one over benperidol, bromperidol, droperidol? What would make you pick one of those instead?
  5. What result are we expecting, by when, and what is the plan if it does not happen?
  6. If 100 people like me took this drug, how many would actually get better because of it, and how many would be harmed by it? (Doctors call these the number needed to treat and the number needed to harm.)