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ondansetron

Class: Serotonin (5HT3) antagonists. First FDA approval 01/04/1991: 35 years on the US market.

This grade answers one narrow question: how strong is the public evidence and safety record behind this drug, and how clean is its money trail and court record? It is not a verdict on whether the drug is right for you.

B

Score breakdown (80/100)

Safety ×35%
C
Evidence ×25%
C
Regulatory ×15%
B
Money & lawsuits ×15%
A
Options ×10%
A

Safety: 72

Evidence: 68

Regulatory history: 82

Money & lawsuits: 100

Options: 100

Independent reviews and post-approval warnings

FDA Drug Safety Communications

Warnings the FDA chose to announce publicly after approval, as opposed to quiet label edits. Class-wide items name the drug's class, not this drug specifically.

WHO Essential Medicine

Listed on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines: a global expert panel judged it among the medicines a health system should always have, on evidence of value, not marketing.

What the FDA label says

Approved uses

Ondansetron is indicated for the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with: highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy, including cisplatin greater than or equal to 50 mg/m 2 . initial and repeat courses of moderately emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. radiotherapy in patients receiving either total body irradiation, single high-dose fraction to the abdomen, or daily fractions to the abdomen. Ondansetron is also indicated for the prevention of postoperative nausea and/or vomiting. Ondansetron is a 5-HT 3 receptor antagonist indicated for the prevention of: nausea and vomiting associated with highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy, including cisplatin greater than or equal to 50 mg/m 2 . ( 1 ) nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of moderately emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. ( 1 ) nausea and vomiting associated with radiotherapy in patients receiving either total body irradiation, single high-dose fraction to the abdomen, or daily fractions to the abdomen. ( 1 ) postoperative nausea and/or vomiting. ( 1 )

Contraindications

Ondansetron is contraindicated in patients: known to have hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylaxis) to ondansetron or any of the components of the formulation [see Adverse Reactions (6.2) ]. receiving concomitant apomorphine due to the risk of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness. Patients known to have hypersensitivity (e.g. anaphylaxis) to ondansetron or any components of the formulation. ( 4 ) Concomitant use of apomorphine. ( 4 )

Warnings and precautions

Hypersensitivity Reactions Including Anaphylaxis and Bronchospasm: Discontinue ondansetron if suspected. Monitor and treat promptly per standard of care until signs and symptoms resolve. ( 5.1 ) QT Interval Prolongation and Torsade de Pointes: Avoid ondansetron in patients with congenital long QT syndrome; monitor with electrocardiograms (ECGs) if concomitant electrolyte abnormalities, cardiac failure or arrhythmias, or use of other QT prolonging drugs. ( 5.2 ) Serotonin Syndrome: Reported with 5-HT 3 receptor antagonists alone but particularly with concomitant use of serotonergic drugs. If such symptoms occur, discontinue ondansetron and initiate supportive treatment. If concomitant use of ondansetron with other serotonergic drugs is clinically warranted, patients should be made aware of a potential increased risk for serotonin syndrome. ( 5.3 ) Myocardial Ischemia: Monitor or advise patients for signs and symptoms of myocardial ischemia after oral administration. ( 5.4 ) Masking of Progressive Ileus and/or Gastric Distention Following Abdominal Surgery or Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting: Monitor for decreased bowel activity, particularly in patients with risk factors for...

Adverse reactions (label)

The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: Hypersensitivity Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] QT Prolongation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Serotonin Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] Myocardial Ischemia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] Masking of Progressive Ileus and Gastric Distension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] The most common adverse reactions in adults for the: prevention of chemotherapy-induced (greater than or equal to 5%) are: headache, malaise/fatigue, constipation, diarrhea. ( 6.1 ) prevention of radiation-induced nausea and vomiting (greater than or equal to 2%) are: headache, constipation, and diarrhea. ( 6.1 ) prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (greater than or equal to 9%) are: headache and hypoxia. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Precision Dose, Inc. at 1-800-397-9228 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared with rates in the cli...

Recent major label changes

Warnings and Precautions, Myocardial Ischemia ( 5.4 ) 10/2021

Source: FDA SPL label for Ondansetron Hydrochloride (Precision Dose Inc.), effective 20250530. Full label on DailyMed.

Side-effect reports sent to the FDA

These are counts of reports people filed, not rates of harm. Anyone can file one, and nobody checks whether the drug was the cause. Millions of doses are taken for every report sent, so the useful part is how this drug compares with the average across all drugs.

181,672reports that mention this drug
181,304of those blame this drug, not another one the person was taking
74%of reports describe a serious outcome, such as a hospital stay (average for all drugs: 57%)
11.7%of reports include a death, from any cause (average for all drugs: 9.1%)

Problems reported most often

Nausea · 23,252Fatigue · 16,782Diarrhoea · 14,744Vomiting · 13,295Off Label Use · 11,787Death · 9,448Headache · 8,972Dyspnoea · 8,673Pain · 8,509Pyrexia · 7,692Constipation · 7,573Asthenia · 7,404Drug Ineffective · 6,823Decreased Appetite · 6,786Pneumonia · 6,334

Reports per year

20192020202120222023202420252026
18,22018,56316,72615,34714,94515,09115,1037,444

4,115 reports blaming this drug for every million Medicare prescriptions filled, which is 1.5× the typical drug on this site. (37,492 reports in 2024–2026, against 9,110,105 Medicare fills in one year. This is the one number here that accounts for how many people take the drug.)

Source: the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Reports are voluntary and unverified. Drugs that are prescribed a lot, in the news, or in lawsuits attract more reports, so the percentages are compared with the whole database to correct for that partly, not fully.

Recalls and regulatory record

7recall actions on file
6 / 76brand / generic applications
13label changes since 2021
NoREMS program
DateClassFirmReason
12/2025Class IIGlenmark Pharmaceuticals Inc., USADefective container: Preferred Pharmaceuticals received a letter from the manufacturer Glenmark, that the blister packs are not fully sealed and tablets falling out. Preferred Pharmaceuticals purchased the finished product and repackaged th
11/2023Class IIBaxter Healthcare CorporationFailed pH Specifications
04/2022Class IIMckesson Medical-Surgical Inc. Corporate OfficecGMP deviations: Temperature abuse
05/2019Class IIIFresenius Kabi USA, LLCFailed Impurities/Degradation Specifications.
09/2013Class IIHospira Inc.Presence of Particular Matter: Potential vendor glass issue - glass spiticules (glass strands) were identified during site inspection of the vials.
05/2013Class IIHospira, Inc.Presence of Particulate; lot being recalled as a precaution due to the discovery of 2 particles found in a lot which preceded the recalled lot
09/2012Class IIFresenius Kabi USA, LLCLack of Assurance of Sterility: Glass vials may have finish fractures and glass particles.

Class I = reasonable probability of serious harm. Class II = temporary or reversible harm. Class III = unlikely to harm. Most generic recalls are manufacturing or labeling defects for one lot, not a verdict on the molecule.

Evidence base

850randomized trials (PubMed)
63systematic reviews
669registered trials
34%of completed trials posted results
9%terminated or withdrawn
21%industry-funded

Counts measure how much evidence exists and how transparent it is, not how big the benefit is. For that, ask your prescriber: if 100 people like me took this, how many would get better because of it, and how many would be harmed? (Doctors call these the "number needed to treat" and "number needed to harm.") It differs by condition and is the number drug ads leave out. Sources: PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Money and lawsuits

In 2024, drug companies reported $0 in payments to US physicians and hospitals tied to this drug across 0 transactions.

No pending federal MDL names this drug or its brands.

Not named in any federal pharmaceutical settlement of $100M or more on record.

Sources: CMS Open Payments (Sunshine Act); Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation pending docket list; DOJ settlements as tabulated on Wikipedia with links to the primary record. State-court and individual suits are not included.

Who takes it and what it costs

5,197,792Medicare Part D patients (2024)
9,110,105prescriptions filled
$16average cost per fill
$142Mtotal Medicare spend
ProductFills$/fill
Ondansetron ODT4,929,800$15
Ondansetron HCl4,180,305$16

Same-class alternatives

dolasetrongranisetronpalonosetrontropisetron

Same ATC pharmacological class, graded ones first, best grade at the top. Being in the same class does not make them interchangeable for your condition; it makes them worth asking about.

Questions to ask your prescriber

  1. In 2012 the FDA issued a safety communication about this drug (Updated information on 32 mg intravenous ondansetron (Zofran) dose and pre-mixed ondansetron products). Does that risk apply to me?
  2. The most-reported problems in FDA's adverse event data are nausea, fatigue, diarrhoea, vomiting. How would we recognize and handle those?
  3. Off-label use is among the most-reported items for this drug. Is my use on-label, and if not, what evidence supports it?
  4. Why this one over dolasetron, granisetron, palonosetron? What would make you pick one of those instead?
  5. What result are we expecting, by when, and what is the plan if it does not happen?
  6. If 100 people like me took this drug, how many would actually get better because of it, and how many would be harmed by it? (Doctors call these the number needed to treat and the number needed to harm.)