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prednisone

Sold as Rayos, Deltasone. Class: Corticosteroids acting locally; Glucocorticoids. First FDA approval 02/21/1955: 71 years on the US market.

This grade answers one narrow question: how strong is the public evidence and safety record behind this drug, and how clean is its money trail and court record? It is not a verdict on whether the drug is right for you.

A

Score breakdown (89/100)

Safety ×35%
A
Evidence ×25%
C
Regulatory ×15%
A
Money & lawsuits ×15%
A
Options ×10%
A

Safety: 88

Evidence: 74

Regulatory history: 97

Money & lawsuits: 100

Options: 100

Independent reviews and post-approval warnings

WHO Essential Medicine

Listed on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines: a global expert panel judged it among the medicines a health system should always have, on evidence of value, not marketing.

What the FDA label says

Approved uses

INDICATIONS AND USAGE PredniSONE Tablets are indicated in the following conditions: 1. Endocrine Disorders Primary or secondary adrenocortical insufficiency (hydrocortisone or cortisone is the first choice; synthetic analogs may be used in conjunction with mineralocorticoids where applicable; in infancy mineralocorticoid supplementation is of particular importance) Congenital adrenal hyperplasia Hypercalcemia associated with cancer Nonsuppurative thyroiditis 2. Rheumatic Disorders As adjunctive therapy for short-term administration (to tide the patient over an acute episode or exacerbation) in: Psoriatic arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis, including juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (selected cases may require low-dose maintenance therapy) Ankylosing spondylitis Acute and subacute bursitis Acute nonspecific tenosynovitis Acute gouty arthritis Post-traumatic osteoarthritis Synovitis of osteoarthritis Epicondylitis 3. Collagen Diseases During an exacerbation or as maintenance therapy in selected cases of: Systemic lupus erythematosus Systemic dermatomyositis (polymyositis) Acute rheumatic carditis 4. Dermatologic Diseases Pemphigus Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis Severe erythema multiforme ...

Contraindications

CONTRAINDICATIONS Prednisone tablets are contraindicated in systemic fungal infections and known hypersensitivity to components.

Warnings and precautions

WARNINGS General Rare instances of anaphylactoid reactions have occurred in patients receiving corticosteroid therapy (see ADVERSE REACTIONS: Allergic Reactions ). Increased dosage of rapidly acting corticosteroids is indicated in patients on corticosteroid therapy subjected to any unusual stress before, during and after the stressful situation. Cardio-Renal Average and large doses of hydrocortisone or cortisone can cause elevation of blood pressure, salt and water retention, and increased excretion of potassium. These effects are less likely to occur with the synthetic derivatives except when used in large doses. Dietary salt restriction and potassium supplementation may be necessary. All corticosteroids increase calcium excretion. Literature reports suggest an apparent association between use of corticosteroids and left ventricular free wall rupture after a recent myocardial infarction; therefore, therapy with corticosteroids should be used with great caution in these patients. Endocrine Corticosteroids can produce reversible hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis suppression with the potential for corticosteroid insufficiency after withdrawal of treatment. Adrenocortical insu...

Adverse reactions (label)

ADVERSE REACTIONS (listed alphabetically, under each subsection) The following adverse reactions have been reported with prednisone or other corticosteroids: Allergic Reactions anaphylactoid or hypersensitivity reactions, anaphylaxis, angioedema. Cardiovascular System bradycardia, cardiac arrest, cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac enlargement, circulatory collapse, congestive heart failure, ECG changes caused by potassium deficiency, edema, fat embolism, hypertension or aggravation of hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in premature infants, myocardial rupture following recent myocardial infarction (see WARNINGS: Cardio-Renal ), necrotizing angiitis, pulmonary edema, syncope, tachycardia, thromboembolism, thrombophlebitis, vasculitis. Dermatologic acne, acneiform eruptions, allergic dermatitis, alopecia, angioedema, angioneurotic edema, atrophy and thinning of skin, dry scaly skin, ecchymoses and petechiae (bruising), erythema, facial edema, hirsutism, impaired wound healing, increased sweating, Karposi’s sarcoma (see PRECAUTIONS: General Precautions ), lupus erythematosus-like lesions, perineal irritation, purpura, rash, striae, subcutaneous fat atrophy, suppression of reactions t...

Source: FDA SPL label for Prednisone (Par Health USA, LLC), effective 20260731. Full label on DailyMed.

Side-effect reports sent to the FDA

These are counts of reports people filed, not rates of harm. Anyone can file one, and nobody checks whether the drug was the cause. Millions of doses are taken for every report sent, so the useful part is how this drug compares with the average across all drugs.

445,214reports that mention this drug
444,019of those blame this drug, not another one the person was taking
80%of reports describe a serious outcome, such as a hospital stay (average for all drugs: 57%)
10.0%of reports include a death, from any cause (average for all drugs: 9.1%)

Problems reported most often

Drug Ineffective · 63,705Off Label Use · 55,461Fatigue · 38,197Pain · 35,061Dyspnoea · 31,697Arthralgia · 30,600Condition Aggravated · 28,044Diarrhoea · 26,198Nausea · 25,566Headache · 24,189Rheumatoid Arthritis · 24,137Pneumonia · 22,584Rash · 21,491Malaise · 19,782Pyrexia · 19,156

Reports per year

20192020202120222023202420252026
42,43849,17843,77140,55539,17740,85438,34516,179

5,994 reports blaming this drug for every million Medicare prescriptions filled, which is 2.2× the typical drug on this site. (94,799 reports in 2024–2026, against 15,814,810 Medicare fills in one year. This is the one number here that accounts for how many people take the drug.)

Source: the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Reports are voluntary and unverified. Drugs that are prescribed a lot, in the news, or in lawsuits attract more reports, so the percentages are compared with the whole database to correct for that partly, not fully.

Recalls and regulatory record

4recall actions on file
5 / 73brand / generic applications
1label changes since 2021
NoREMS program
DateClassFirmReason
07/2022Class IIStrides Pharma Inc.Presence of foreign tablet: 2.5 mg tablet in a 20 mg bottle of Prednisone Tablets
03/2020Class IIIPar Pharmaceutical Inc.Labeling: Incorrect or Missing Exp Date - An incorrect expiration date has been identified on Prednisone Tablets USP 5 mg
10/2016Class IIWest-Ward PharmaceuticalFailed Tablet/Capsule Specifications: Discovery of an underweight tablet.
06/2013Class IIIBoehringer Ingelheim Roxane IncLabeling: Missing Label; missing label on blister card

Class I = reasonable probability of serious harm. Class II = temporary or reversible harm. Class III = unlikely to harm. Most generic recalls are manufacturing or labeling defects for one lot, not a verdict on the molecule.

Evidence base

843randomized trials (PubMed)
32systematic reviews
2,504registered trials
60%of completed trials posted results
15%terminated or withdrawn
38%industry-funded

Counts measure how much evidence exists and how transparent it is, not how big the benefit is. For that, ask your prescriber: if 100 people like me took this, how many would get better because of it, and how many would be harmed? (Doctors call these the "number needed to treat" and "number needed to harm.") It differs by condition and is the number drug ads leave out. Sources: PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Money and lawsuits

In 2024, drug companies reported $0 in payments to US physicians and hospitals tied to this drug across 0 transactions.

No pending federal MDL names this drug or its brands.

Not named in any federal pharmaceutical settlement of $100M or more on record.

Sources: CMS Open Payments (Sunshine Act); Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation pending docket list; DOJ settlements as tabulated on Wikipedia with links to the primary record. State-court and individual suits are not included.

Who takes it and what it costs

7,659,993Medicare Part D patients (2024)
15,814,810prescriptions filled
$5average cost per fill
$81Mtotal Medicare spend
ProductFills$/fill
Prednisone15,810,812$4
Rayos3,238$4,967
Prednisone Intensol760$231

Same-class alternatives

cloprednolcortisonecortivazoldeflazacortfluocortolonemeprednisoneparamethasoneprednylidenerimexolonetixocortolvamorolone

Same ATC pharmacological class, graded ones first, best grade at the top. Being in the same class does not make them interchangeable for your condition; it makes them worth asking about.

Questions to ask your prescriber

  1. The most-reported problems in FDA's adverse event data are fatigue, pain. How would we recognize and handle those?
  2. Off-label use is among the most-reported items for this drug. Is my use on-label, and if not, what evidence supports it?
  3. Why this one over beclomethasone, betamethasone, budesonide? What would make you pick one of those instead?
  4. What result are we expecting, by when, and what is the plan if it does not happen?
  5. If 100 people like me took this drug, how many would actually get better because of it, and how many would be harmed by it? (Doctors call these the number needed to treat and the number needed to harm.)